LCA 및 LCC 기법을 이용한 태양광 및 풍력 발전의 환경⋅경제적 편익 분석

김경환¹, 허탁²

Benefit analysis of environmental and economic aspects on Photovoltaic and Wind power applying LCA and LCC methodologies

Kyung Hwan Kim¹, Tak Hur²

¹한국생산기술연구원 자원순환기술지원센터

²건국대학교 신소재공학과

¹Center for Resources Information & Management, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology

²Dept. of Materials Chemistry & Engineering, Konkuk University

ⓒ Copyright 2012 The Korea Society for Life Cycle Assessment. This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Received: Aug 21, 2012; Accepted: Sep 10, 2012

Published Online: Oct 31, 2012

Abatract

In these last years, the globe faces energy-related problems due to the rational use of resources, greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission and pollutants by the combustion of non-renewable resources. Furthermore, the international oil price has been rapidly increasing with depletion of fossil fuels. For mitigation of these problems, many projects are being planned to use of not traditional fuels and of renewable resources, such as solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, and biomass in the world. Especially, solar and wind power have received particular attention as very important energy source of pollution free and unlimited new renewable energy. Many countries have introduced a policy to promote the installation of PV (Photovoltaic) and wind power systems in accordance with the reduction obligation of greenhouse gases in Climatic Change Convention. For this reason, the global demand for the PV and wind power system is increasing every year.

Korea has also established to national energy policy for PV and wind power system up to 47.1% of total renewable energy supply by 2030. In order to achieve this goal, the amount of electricity generation by PV system will increase from 812 GWh (2010) to 1,972 GWh (2030) and the amount of electricity generation by Wind power will increase from 1,073 GWh (2010) to 16,620 GWh (2030).

Thus, this study analyses the environmental impacts about PV system including sc-Si (single crystalline silicon) and mc-Si (multi crystalline silicon) PV system and wind power system throughout its life cycle. Added to this, economic impacts of target system are estimated based on the life cycle costing (LCC) method that consider total costs, which is capital cost, operation and maintenance (O&M) cost and decommissioning cost.