전과정평가(LCA)기법을 이용한 농업용 저수지와 양수장의 환경영향비교

The aim of this study is to evaluate the environmental impacts of irrigation facilities using a Life Cycle Assessment tool and to compare two different types of water resources, dam and pumping station suppling 78% of irrigation water in Korea. Study facilities, Idong reservoir and Eunsan pumping station, are located in Ansung-Si, Gyeonggi-Do. Life cycle impact methodology used in the study is Eco-indicator99(E) to assess the environmental impacts of 1 m³ of agricultural water supply. This case study is a preliminary work to evaluate environmental impacts associated with water use in the boundary of the existing life cycle impact assessment method. The functional unit for comparison can be defined as a 1.5 billion m³ to supply irrigation water to the paddy field of 2,156 ha for 70 years. As a result of LCA of reservoir, most of environmental impact is derived from the use of construction materials in the construction stage like concrete and cement. Electricity consumption is a key issues of pumping station in the operation stage due to the fossil fuel use. It can be said that dam seems to be a more sustainable facility than the pumping station in the 70-year life cycle of this study excluding ecological impacts, depending on geological condition in Korea, though there is no consideration of land use and ecological impacts by inundation.